Combinations without repetition

Find out how many different ways you can choose k items from n items set. With/without repetition, with/without order.

Calculation:

C_{k} (n) = (\binom{n}{k}) = \frac{n!}{k! (n - k)!} n = 11 k = 3 C_{3} (11) = (\binom{11}{3}) = \frac{11!}{3! (11 - 3)!} = \frac{11 \cdot 10 \cdot 9}{3 \cdot 2 \cdot 1} = 165

Number of combinations: 165

A bit of theory - foundation of combinatorics

Variations

A variation of the k-th class of n elements is an ordered k-element group formed from a set of n elements. The elements are not repeated and depend on the order of the group's elements (therefore arranged).

The number of variations can be easily calculated using the combinatorial rule of product. For example, if we have the set n = 5 numbers 1,2,3,4,5 and we have to make third-class variations, their V₃ (5) = 5 * 4 * 3 = 60.

V_{k} (n) = n (n - 1) (n - 2) . . . (n - k + 1) = \frac{n!}{(n - k)!}

n! we call the factorial of the number n, which is the product of the first n natural numbers. The notation with the factorial is only clearer, equivalent. For calculations, it is fully sufficient to use the procedure resulting from the combinatorial rule of product.

Permutations

The permutation is a synonymous name for a variation of the nth class of n-elements. It is thus any n-element ordered group formed of n-elements. The elements are not repeated and depend on the order of the elements in the group.

P (n) = n (n - 1) (n - 2) . . . 1 = n!

A typical example is: We have 4 books, and in how many ways can we arrange them side by side on a shelf?

Variations with repetition

A variation of the k-th class of n elements is an ordered k-element group formed of a set of n elements, wherein the elements can be repeated and depends on their order. A typical example is the formation of numbers from the numbers 2,3,4,5, and finding their number. We calculate their number according to the combinatorial rule of the product:

V_{k}^{'} (n) = n \cdot n \cdot n \cdot n . . . n = n^{k}

Permutations with repeat

A repeating permutation is an arranged k-element group of n-elements, with some elements repeating in a group. Repeating some (or all in a group) reduces the number of such repeating permutations.

P_{k_{1} k_{2} k_{3} . . . k_{m}}^{'} (n) = \frac{n!}{k_{1}! k_{2}! k_{3}! . . . k_{m}!}

A typical example is to find out how many seven-digit numbers formed from the numbers 2,2,2, 6,6,6,6.

Combinations

A combination of a k-th class of n elements is an unordered k-element group formed from a set of n elements. The elements are not repeated, and it does not matter the order of the group's elements. In mathematics, disordered groups are called sets and subsets. Their number is a combination number and is calculated as follows:

C_{k} (n) = (\binom{n}{k}) = \frac{n!}{k! (n - k)!}

A typical example of combinations is that we have 15 students and we have to choose three. How many will there be?

Combinations with repeat

Here we select k element groups from n elements, regardless of the order, and the elements can be repeated. k is logically greater than n (otherwise, we would get ordinary combinations). Their count is:

C_{k}^{'} (n) = (\binom{n + k - 1}{k}) = \frac{(n + k - 1)!}{k! (n - 1)!}

Explanation of the formula - the number of combinations with repetition is equal to the number of locations of n − 1 separators on n-1 + k places. A typical example is: we go to the store to buy 6 chocolates. They offer only 3 species. How many options do we have? k = 6, n = 3.

Foundation of combinatorics in word problems

Combinatorics
The city has 7 fountains. Works only 6. How many options are there that can squirt ?
Variation equation
Solve combinatorics equation: V(2, x+8)=72 . .. variations second class from x+8 items
Calculation of CN
Calculate: ?
Trinity
How many different triads can be selected from group 38 students?
Diagonals
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N-gon
How many diagonals has convex 11-gon?
Hockey
The hockey match ended 8:2. How many different matches could be?
PIN - codes
How many five-digit PIN - code can we create using the even numbers?
Combinations
From how many elements we can create 990 combinations 2nd class without repeating?
Examination
The class is 21 students. How many ways can choose two to examination?
Teams
How many ways can divide 16 players into two teams of 8 member?
A pizza
A pizza place offers 14 different toppings. How many different three topping pizzas can you order?
Combinations
How many elements can form six times more combinations fourth class than combination of the second class?
Medals
In how many ways can be divided gold, silver, and bronze medal among 21 contestants?
2nd class combinations
From how many elements you can create 4560 combinations of the second class?
Menu
On the menu are 12 kinds of meal. How many ways can we choose four different meals into the daily menu?

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